The following principles are embodied in the Constitution in order to prevent tyranny, protect the ideals of self-government, and individual rights.

Constitutionalism

The government’s power must be limited by a foundation of law with checks and balances

Federalism

The power of government is shared between state governments and a strong, representative national (federal) government. This ensures neither government has all the power.

Dual Sovereignty

Federal and state laws have separate areas of influence and jurisdiction (authority). While citizens are subject to and must obey both sets of laws, state laws govern many areas where federal lawmaking does not apply. Over time, the concept of dual sovereignty has changed with evolving interpretations of constitutional law

Separation of Powers

The power of the government is separated into three different groups so one group does not have all the power. Three branches of government – executive, legislative, and judicial. They each govern separate areas (leadership command, lawmaking, and criminal justice) in order to prevent one person or group from abusing power and having too much power.

Checks and Balances

Each of the three branches of government makes sure the others are working properly. Each branch of government has powers over the other branches that prevent the other branch from gaining too much power or correct an abuse of power.

Majority Rule

Decisions are made by a majority. The rights of the minority are protected by a Bill of Rights, and by the accountability of elected representatives